Statement
The UK, US, and EU each have official schemes for reporting vaccine adverse effects. Reports of adverse effect (or side effects) are admissible for fully approved vaccines and, also most importantly in the case of the Covid-19 vaccines (which remain in third-stage trails until 2023), for vaccines in clinical trials.
Why report adverse effects? To help gather valuable evidence to inform decisions on the safe and effective use of vaccines.
What to report on? Any adverse effect, including fatalities, as a resulting of receiving a vaccine. For example, a high number of reports for the Covid-19 vaccines include issues with blood clots.
Who can submit a report? Any member of the public or a healthcare professional.
Is reporting of adverse effects mandatory? No, it is voluntary and many people are not aware of its existence.
How many adverse effects get reported? There is an estimate of about only 1% of cases in the US and about 10% in the UK. Also there is a reported lag of 4-6 weeks (and increasing) in the reporting.